LUTs, overlays, transitions and Lottie animations.
Three dots that rise, grow and brighten in a wave: a calm 1.2 s loop for loading and typing states.
A pink heart with a lub-dub double beat and an outline ripple: a 1.5 s loop for likes and favourites.
Celebration burst: 16 confetti bits in six colours fly out, tumble, fall under gravity and fade to nothing.
Notification bell that rings from its top pivot with a lagging clapper and a pulsing red badge, then rests.